LEADERSHIP

Elon Musk at Milken 2025: AI, Government Reform, and Why Mars Is Humanity’s Next Frontier

May 4, 2025 — The Beverly Hilton, Los Angeles, California

At the 2025 Milken Institute Global Conference, Elon Musk joined founder Michael Milken for an in-depth conversation that explored critical challenges and opportunities at the intersection of technology, governance, and human destiny. His remarks drew significant attention, touching on artificial intelligence, bureaucratic reform, space colonization, and human-machine integration.

Photo: Milken Institute

Artificial Intelligence and Government Efficiency

Musk opened with a direct critique of modern governance, calling the U.S. government “the biggest corporation with a monopoly on violence.” He argued that many governmental functions are structurally inefficient, and that artificial intelligence could be used to dramatically streamline public operations. Rather than positioning AI as a job destroyer, Musk suggested it could relieve governments of bloated, bureaucratic burdens—automating repetitive and error-prone processes. Human roles, he emphasized, should evolve toward more judgment-based and creative functions. However, he warned that AI’s implementation in governance should be handled with transparency and international oversight to prevent centralized misuse of power.

Space Exploration and Humanity’s Long-Term Survival

Musk reasserted his long-standing belief that humanity’s survival hinges on becoming a multiplanetary species. He updated the audience on SpaceX’s latest progress with Starship, the fully reusable rocket designed to transport humans and cargo to Mars. “Either we become a multiplanet species, or we risk being stuck on a single point of failure,” Musk remarked. He characterized Mars colonization not as science fiction, but as a concrete and urgent goal. SpaceX’s near-term objectives include uncrewed test missions and infrastructure development on the Martian surface, with human expeditions to follow within the next decade. This vision, Musk argued, is not merely about exploration—it is insurance for civilization. He likened it to backing up the “hard drive of human consciousness,” ensuring that humanity endures even in the face of catastrophic risks on Earth.

Neuralink and the Human-AI Interface

In addition to global-scale infrastructure, Musk delved into the micro-level frontier: brain-computer interfaces. Neuralink, his neurotechnology company, is developing implants that connect the human brain directly to computers. According to Musk, these devices may soon provide therapeutic benefits for individuals with neurological disorders. But more profoundly, they could allow humans to “merge” with AI systems—extending memory, accelerating learning, and closing the cognitive gap between biological and artificial intelligence. This integration, he argued, is essential to ensure humans remain relevant and in control in a world increasingly shaped by advanced machine intelligence.

Photo: Milken Institute

Ethical Oversight and Global Responsibility

Though optimistic about technology’s potential, Musk struck a cautionary note. He stressed that the rapid pace of AI advancement demands ethical foresight and international collaboration. He warned against the risk of centralized AI systems controlling critical societal levers and emphasized the need for shared values and distributed governance.

Final Thoughts

Elon Musk’s appearance at the Milken Institute Global Conference underscored the twin pillars of his vision: proactive human adaptation through innovation and long-term survival through interplanetary expansion. Whether discussing AI streamlining bureaucracies or establishing a self-sustaining civilization on Mars, Musk’s remarks called for bold, ethically grounded action to shape a future where humanity thrives.